Import Duty from Europe to the US — Germany & Italy
No US–EU trade agreement exists, and since July 2026 European goods pay a 10% combined floor (MFN counts toward it) — cars 15% all-in. The good news: no US federal VAT, and EU exports should arrive VAT-free. The trap: paying German or Italian VAT on top of US duty because the seller didn't zero-rate the export. Rates, examples and the §232 car question below.
10%
Machinery
combined floor
10%
Leather goods
combined floor
15%
Cars
all-in, §232 deal
none
US VAT
EU export should be VAT-free
Europe → US Import Calculator
Select Germany, Italy or any EU origin with United States as destination — MFN duty, the 10% floor, §232 exposure and MPF calculated in one pass.
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US Duty Rates on European Goods (2026)
Duty by category in 2026. Add MPF: $2.77 per informal entry up to $2,500, or 0.3464% (min $34.58) above.
Product
HS
MFN Duty
Notes
Machinery & industrial equipment
84xx
10%
0–4.4% MFN topped up to the 10% floor
Cars (complete)
8703
15%
§232 autos: 15% all-in (US–EU deal)
Auto parts (listed)
8708
15%
§232 auto parts: 15% all-in
Furniture (Italian design)
9403
10%
0% MFN topped up to 10%
Leather handbags
4202
10%
5.3–10% MFN; floor 10%
Footwear (leather)
6403
10%
8.5–10% MFN; floor 10%
Wine
2204
10%
~6.3¢/L; floor uses its ad valorem equivalent
Cheese
0406
10–15% / TRQ
Quota-limited; licenses via USDA
Clothing
61/62
10–16.5%
MFN above 10% applies as is
Rates as of September 2026 — the binding rate depends on the full 10-digit HTS code.
Worked Example: €20,000 German Machinery to Chicago
Invoice value (FOB Hamburg, ≈USD)
$21,600.00
MFN duty (1.7% typical machinery line)
$367.20
Forced-labor floor (topped up to 10%)
$1,792.80
MPF (0.3464%)
$74.82
HMF (0.125%, sea freight)
$27.00
Total duties & fees
$2,261.82
Effective rate
10.5%
US customs value is FOB — ocean freight and insurance are excluded from the duty base (unlike importing into the EU). The German seller must zero-rate VAT on the export invoice.
CE marking is not FCC / FDA / DOT
The most expensive assumption on this corridor: that EU-compliant products are US-compliant. Electronics need FCC authorization, food and wine need FDA prior notice (wine additionally TTB), vehicles need DOT/EPA conformity. CBP will hold or refuse entry on non-compliant goods even when the duty is paid — and storage fees at the port run daily.